|
|
|
Tests |
Normal Ranges
(Adults) |
Explanation |
Meaning of Test Results |
Possible Diseases |
|
Inflammation |
CRP
(C反応性タンパク)
|
CRP定性検査・・・
陰性(-)
CRP定量検査・・・
0~0.3
mg/dl |
CRP is an acute-phase protein on the basis of its increase
in plasma concentration during inflammation and tissue injury.
There are two tests for CRP, qualitative and quantities detections. |
Used to diagnose tissue injury and acute inflammation,
assess how active the inflammation is, monitor disease process, and evaluate
the treatment etc.
(-) Normal
(+) Acute
inflammation. |
Rheumatoid arthritis, myocardial infarction,
bacterial inflammation, rheumatic fever, viral infectious diseases, and malignant
tumor etc. |
Hepatitis Viruses
 |
HBsAg
HBsAb
HBs抗原・抗体 |
HBsAg・・・
陰性(-)
HBsAb・・・
陰性(-)
|
The most common causes of hepatitis are excessive alcohol
consumption or virus infection such as hepatitis A, B, C viruses etc.
Hepatitis B virus can cause acute hepatitis, go on to chronic hepatitis and
cirrhosis, and even induce liver cancer.
HBsAg and HBsAb are used to detect whether the body is infected by the hepatitis
B virus. |
Diagnose hepatitis B virus infection.
HBsAg:(+)、 HBsAb:(+) current
hepatitis B.
・HBsAg:(-)、HBsAb:(+)
had hepatitis B in the past.
・HBsAb:(+)、HBsAg:(-)
infected by hepatitis B virus but does not have hepatitis B (Hepatitis
B Carrier)。
Hepatitis B carrier usually has no symptom but may produce hepatitis B in future.
Therefore it is necessary to go to see a specialist once half year.
|
Acute and chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis,
and liver cancer.
|
|
HCV Antibody
HCV抗体 |
(-)
|
Hepatitis C virus is spread through blood transfusion. Even
there is still something unknown about the virus itself, HCV antibody, which
will present in the blood of the infected body, can tell whether the body is
infected by HCV or not. |
To diagnose hepatitis C virus infection.
・(-) no
infection.
・(+) current
infected by hepatitis C virus or has been infected in the past.
However, HCV antibodies usually do not appear until many days into an infection
but will always be present in one month later of the infection. |
Rheumatism
 |
RA
リウマチ反応 |
20以下
IU/ml |
When bacteria and foreign particles invade
the body, the immune system works and the antibodies are produced to fight
them off. If there is abnormal in the immune system, antibody will attack
the body`s own tissues, known as autoimmune disease. Collagen disease is
a typical autoimmune disease.
RA test is used to diagnose rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by detecting rheumatoid
factor in the serum.
|
To diagnose RA by detecting RF (rheumatoid factor).
RA test
results are divided into three stages, negative (-), weak positive
(+), and strong positive (++).
(-) normal.
(+) abnormal
in somewhere of the immune system.
A positive RA result can also be seen in seniors without disease.
|
|
Others
 |
ASO |
250単位以下 |
Hemolytic streptococcus is a kind of pathogenic germs
and known to cause severe infections such as tonsillitis, pharyngitis, tympanitis,
scarlet fever, and rheumatic fever etc.
ASO is used to demonstrate an antibody produced by the body in response to
group A beta-hemolytic streptococci infection.
Hemolytic streptococci break down the red cells by releasing a toxin production,
the body will produce ASO antibody to defense the infection.
Therefore, ASO test can help to determine whether the person has a condition
related to a serious streptococci infection.
|
Result of positive or negative of ASO antibody helps to
diagnose streptococci infection.
(-) no infection.
(+) streptococci infection. |
High pharyngitis,
tonsillitis, tympanitis, phlegmona, septicemia, puerperal fever,rheumatic
fever after URTI, and acute glomerular nephritis etc.
In children・・・・scarlet fever
|
|
Serum(Iron)
血清鉄(Fe) |
Male・・・64~187
Female・・・40~162
μg/dl |
The total body content of iron is 3?5g. Most of iron is
bound to hemoglobin in the red cells, and a few is in liver, bone narrow,
and muscle.
Serum iron is the iron that is stored in liver, released to blood, and flows
to the bone narrow to make new blood cells.
Iron in foods is absorbed by the small intestine. Abnormal absorption or eating
preferences can cause iron deficiency, serum iron lacking, and then Iron deficiency
anemia happens.
|
Serum iron lever tells that how much iron
is bound to hemoglobin, whether there are problems related to the blood flow
or the bone narrow in which blood cells are made. |
|
Immunoglobulin
<IgG・IgM・IgA>
免疫グロブリン
|
A kind of proteins in the blood and an antibody
playing a critical role in immunity.
There are five antibody types known as IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE, and IgD.
IgG…makes up 80% of all immunoglobulin. It
is the only antibody capable of crossing the placenta to give passive immunity
to fetus. Therefore, newborns almost have the same IgG lever as their mothers’.
It protects newborns from diseases.
IgM…he first type of antibody made in response
to an infection, which may indicate a current infection. IgM levels tend
to decline sooner than IgG levels.
IgA…Newborns do not have IgA in their blood
because IgA is not able to cross the placenta. IgA is the most abundant
type of immunoglobulin in human milk. IgA levers increase gradually and
reach a plateau in adolescence.
| |
CH50(血清補体価) |
30~45
U/ml |
Complement is a group of proteins in the blood.
|
As complement can be consumed in some diseases, it is
used to monitor diseases and their severity. |
|
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